Protein-losing enteropathy: thrombosis risk
8-year-old Miniature Schnauzer with protein-losing enteropathy (albumin 1.3 g/dL). You are about to start prednisolone and chlorambucil after biopsies.
Which statement about thrombotic risk is correct?
chevron_right Show answer and explanation
A. There is no risk, because hypoalbuminaemia produces a hypocoagulable state
It is the opposite: loss of antithrombin through the gut and platelet hyperreactivity make these dogs hypercoagulable.
B. Thromboprophylaxis is contraindicated if steroids are used
Steroids further increase thrombotic risk; if anything, they strengthen the indication for prophylaxis.
C. The patient is hypercoagulable and an antiplatelet drug such as clopidogrel should be considered
Correct. Protein-losing enteropathy is a recognised risk factor for thromboembolism (including pulmonary). Clopidogrel is the most widely used antithrombotic owing to its safety and oral administration.
D. Standard prophylaxis is fresh frozen plasma to replace antithrombin
Plasma provides little antithrombin and has not been shown to prevent thrombosis. It is not a standard prophylactic measure.
lightbulb Key takeaway
Suspect pulmonary thromboembolism in a dog with protein-losing enteropathy that develops sudden dyspnoea or tachypnoea. Thrombosis consensus guidelines (CURATIVE) consider this disease a risk factor and suggest thromboprophylaxis.
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Updated: October 31, 2026 · Educational content for veterinary professionals. It does not replace current clinical guidelines or the judgement of the attending veterinarian.