Ectopic ureter in the young bitch: diagnosis and laser ablation
5-month-old entire female Golden Retriever that has dribbled urine continuously since adoption, although she also voids normally. The perivulvar area is wet with urine scald. Urinalysis shows bacteriuria.
What is the most appropriate approach?
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A. Phenylpropanolamine and wait for the first oestrus, which usually solves the problem
Waiting for oestrus may help in juvenile urethral incompetence, but continuous incontinence since birth with normal voiding requires ruling out an ectopic ureter, which drugs will not fix.
B. Cystoscopy to confirm the ectopic ureter and, if intramural, laser ablation in the same procedure
Correct. In bitches the vast majority of ectopic ureters are intramural: the ureter tunnels through the bladder wall but opens into the urethra or vagina. Cystoscopy allows diagnosis (together with CT) and minimally invasive laser correction.
C. Nephroureterectomy on the affected side
It is reserved for non-functional kidneys or those with severe hydronephrosis or irreversible pyelonephritis; it is not the standard treatment if the kidney works.
D. Treat the infection and, if the dribbling persists, ovariohysterectomy
The infection is secondary (and should be treated), but spaying does not correct an anatomical anomaly and may worsen urethral competence.
lightbulb Key takeaway
Suspect ectopic ureter in young females with continuous incontinence since birth (Golden and Labrador Retrievers, Huskies, Newfoundlands, Poodles). It may be bilateral and associated with hydroureter, infection and urethral incompetence. After correction, some bitches remain incontinent and need additional medical treatment.
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Updated: October 31, 2026 · Educational content for veterinary professionals. It does not replace current clinical guidelines or the judgement of the attending veterinarian.