Oesophageal foreign body in the dog: radiographs and management
4-year-old West Highland White Terrier with drooling, retching and regurgitation since eating a bone 6 hours ago. The lateral thoracic radiograph shows a bone-opacity structure in the oesophagus at the level of the heart base.
Which statement is correct?
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A. It is an emergency: endoscopic removal as soon as possible and a search for signs of perforation
Correct. Endoscopy is the treatment of choice; if the object cannot be retrieved, it can sometimes be pushed into the stomach. Pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax or pleural effusion suggest perforation.
B. It is best to wait 24–48 hours for the bone to pass into the stomach
Pressure on the wall causes ischaemic necrosis and increases the risk of perforation and stricture over time: you should not wait.
C. It should be confirmed with a barium oesophagogram before acting
The bone is already radiopaque and visible. Barium is contraindicated if perforation is suspected (mediastinitis) and hinders endoscopy; if contrast is needed, iodinated contrast is used.
D. Oesophagotomy is the first-line treatment
Oesophageal surgery carries more complications (dehiscence, stricture) and is reserved for perforation or failed endoscopy.
lightbulb Key takeaway
Oesophageal foreign bodies lodge where the oesophagus narrows or cannot distend: the thoracic inlet, heart base and epiphrenic region. Bones in small terriers are typical. After removal, inspect the mucosa and monitor for stricture in the following weeks (recurrent regurgitation).
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Updated: October 31, 2026 · Educational content for veterinary professionals. It does not replace current clinical guidelines or the judgement of the attending veterinarian.