Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in Cavaliers: MRI
2-year-old Cavalier King Charles Spaniel that scratches at its neck and shoulder without touching the skin (‘phantom scratching’), especially when excited or wearing a collar, and occasionally vocalises. The neurological examination shows no other deficits.
Which statement about diagnostic imaging is correct?
chevron_right Show answer and explanation
A. Cervical radiographs show the syrinx
Radiographs do not show the cord or fluid-filled cavities. At best they rule out other bony causes of neck pain.
B. CT is the test of choice for syringomyelia
CT assesses skull bone and the craniocervical junction well, but its resolution for nervous tissue and intramedullary fluid is far inferior to MRI.
C. MRI shows cerebellar herniation or indentation at the foramen magnum and intramedullary cavities with fluid signal
Correct. On MRI the syrinx appears hyperintense on T2 and hypointense on T1, like cerebrospinal fluid. Sagittal and transverse images allow its width and extent to be measured.
D. Syrinx width bears no relationship to clinical signs
Wide syrinxes involving the dorsal horn are more often associated with pain and phantom scratching. Narrow ones may be asymptomatic.
lightbulb Key takeaway
Chiari-like malformation is almost universal in Cavaliers and many have syrinxes without signs: interpret the MRI together with the clinical picture. Rule out other causes of neck pain and pruritus (otitis, disc disease). Other predisposed breeds include the Griffon Bruxellois and toy brachycephalic breeds.
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Updated: October 31, 2026 · Educational content for veterinary professionals. It does not replace current clinical guidelines or the judgement of the attending veterinarian.