Corneal lipid deposits in the dog: dystrophy or degeneration
10-year-old mixed-breed dog with a white, shiny, crystalline opacity in the peripheral cornea of the left eye, next to the limbus, with superficial vessels. The right eye is normal. The owner reports that over recent months it has become more lethargic and gained weight.
What is the most appropriate approach?
chevron_right Show answer and explanation
A. It is an inherited lipid dystrophy and needs no further investigation
Dystrophy is usually bilateral, symmetrical, central or paracentral, avascular and seen in young dogs of predisposed breeds. This picture does not fit.
B. Immediate superficial keratectomy to remove the deposits
If the systemic cause is not corrected the deposits return. Surgery is reserved for deposits that ulcerate or affect vision.
C. Topical corticosteroid to dissolve the deposits
Corticosteroids do not dissolve corneal lipid or calcium and may promote complications if the deposits ulcerate.
D. Suspect lipid degeneration and investigate systemic causes: fasting cholesterol and triglycerides, thyroid function, and rule out hyperadrenocorticism, diabetes or nephrotic syndrome
Correct. A unilateral or asymmetric, vascularised, peripheral opacity in an older dog suggests degeneration, associated with ocular inflammation or secondary hyperlipidaemia. The clinical signs point towards hypothyroidism.
lightbulb Key takeaway
Dystrophy: bilateral, symmetrical, avascular, young, inherited and untreated. Degeneration: unilateral or asymmetric, vascularised, in older animals, with a local or systemic cause that must be sought. Deposits may contain lipid, calcium or both.
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Updated: October 31, 2026 · Educational content for veterinary professionals. It does not replace current clinical guidelines or the judgement of the attending veterinarian.